Rabbit Polyclonal HLA-DRB1 Antibody

The HLA-DRB1 gene, part of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex on chromosome 6. encodes a key component of MHC class II molecules. These molecules present exogenous antigens to CD4+ T cells, initiating adaptive immune responses. HLA-DRB1 is highly polymorphic, with hundreds of allelic variants influencing peptide-binding specificity and disease susceptibility. Antibodies targeting HLA-DRB1 arise primarily through alloimmunization events, such as blood transfusions, pregnancy, or organ transplantation. In transplantation, preformed or de novo HLA-DRB1 antibodies are clinically significant, as they can trigger hyperacute or chronic rejection by binding to donor endothelial cells, activating complement, and promoting inflammation. Detection via solid-phase assays (e.g., Luminex-based single-antigen bead tests) is critical for transplant risk stratification. HLA-DRB1 alleles are also linked to autoimmune disorders; for example, *04:01 and *01:01 are associated with rheumatoid arthritis, while *15:01 correlates with multiple sclerosis. These associations may stem from aberrant immune recognition of self-peptides. Managing HLA-DRB1 antibodies involves desensitization protocols, immunosuppression, or donor selection to avoid mismatched epitopes. Research continues to explore mechanisms of antibody-mediated injury and therapeutic interventions to improve transplant outcomes and autoimmune disease management.