Rabbit Polyclonal HLA-DOA Antibody

HLA-DOA antibodies target the HLA-DOA protein, a component of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II system. HLA class II molecules, including HLA-DOA, are primarily expressed on antigen-presenting cells (e.g., B cells, dendritic cells) and play a critical role in adaptive immunity by presenting exogenous antigens to CD4+ T cells. The HLA-DOA gene, located on chromosome 6 within the HLA-DQ region, encodes the alpha chain of the HLA-DO heterodimer, which pairs with HLA-DOB to form a non-classical HLA class II molecule. Unlike classical HLA-DR, -DQ, or -DP, HLA-DO is not directly involved in antigen presentation but regulates the activity of HLA-DM, a chaperone that facilitates peptide loading onto HLA class II molecules. HLA-DOA antibodies are less commonly studied compared to antibodies against classical HLA class II antigens, but they may arise in autoimmune disorders, organ transplantation, or hematologic conditions. In transplantation, anti-HLA-DOA antibodies are occasionally detected in sensitized patients, though their clinical significance in graft rejection remains unclear. In autoimmune contexts, HLA-DOA polymorphisms have been linked to diseases like primary biliary cholangitis, suggesting a potential role in immune dysregulation. Research on HLA-DOA antibodies is limited due to the molecule's low expression and functional complexity, but advances in HLA epitope mapping and antibody detection technologies may clarify their diagnostic or prognostic relevance.