Recombinant Bovine IFNAG protein

IFNAG recombinant protein typically refers to a engineered form of interferon-alpha (IFN-α) or interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), key cytokines in the human immune response. Interferons are signaling proteins produced naturally by host cells in response to viral infections, tumor cells, and other pathogens. IFN-α (Type I interferon) is primarily secreted by plasmacytoid dendritic cells and plays a critical role in antiviral defense and immune regulation. IFN-γ (Type II interferon), produced by activated T cells and NK cells, enhances macrophage activity, promotes antigen presentation, and coordinates adaptive immunity.

Recombinant IFNAG proteins are generated using genetic engineering techniques, often through expression in bacterial (e.g., E. coli) or mammalian cell systems. This allows large-scale production of highly purified, biologically active interferons for therapeutic use. The "G" in IFNAG may denote specific modifications (glycosylation patterns) or fusion constructs optimized for stability, extended half-life, or targeted delivery.

Clinically, recombinant interferons have been used to treat viral infections (hepatitis B/C), certain cancers (melanoma, leukemia), and autoimmune disorders. Emerging research explores their role in modulating COVID-19 immune responses and enhancing cancer immunotherapy efficacy. However, challenges remain in managing systemic side effects (e.g., flu-like symptoms, fatigue) and optimizing delivery methods. Current developments focus on PEGylation to prolong circulation time and engineered variants with reduced immunogenicity. As precision medicine advances, IFNAG recombinant proteins continue to be vital tools in immunotherapy and virology research.