Recombinant Human CALCB protein

CALCB (Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Beta), also known as β-CGRP, is a neuropeptide encoded by the CALCB gene, a paralog of the CALCA gene that produces α-CGRP. Both peptides share structural similarities, including a conserved N-terminal disulfide bridge and C-terminal amidation, but differ in specific amino acid residues and tissue distribution. CALCB is primarily expressed in the peripheral and central nervous systems, as well as in the gastrointestinal tract, and functions as a potent vasodilator, neurotransmitter, and modulator of inflammatory responses. It binds to the CGRP receptor, a G protein-coupled receptor complex (CLR/RAMP1), triggering cAMP signaling pathways involved in pain transmission, vascular tone regulation, and neurogenic inflammation.

Recombinant CALCB protein is produced using biotechnological platforms such as bacterial (E. coli) or mammalian expression systems, often with affinity tags (e.g., His-tag) for purification. Its production enables precise study of CGRP receptor interactions, particularly in differentiating β-CGRP-specific roles from the more extensively studied α-CGRP. While α-CGRP is linked to migraines and cardiovascular homeostasis, CALCB’s distinct functions—such as potential roles in gut motility, immune modulation, and tissue repair—are emerging research focuses. Recombinant CALCB also serves as a critical tool in drug discovery, especially for therapies targeting CGRP pathways, including migraine treatments (e.g., monoclonal antibodies, gepants). However, challenges remain in characterizing isoform-specific effects due to receptor overlap. Current studies emphasize its therapeutic potential in inflammatory diseases, wound healing, and metabolic disorders, highlighting the need for further mechanistic exploration.