| 纯度 | >95%SDS-PAGE. |
| 种属 | Human |
| 靶点 | APOD |
| Uniprot No | P05090 |
| 内毒素 | < 0.01EU/μg |
| 表达宿主 | E.coli |
| 表达区间 | 21-189aa |
| 氨基酸序列 | QAFHLGKCPN PPVQENFDVN KYLGRWYEIE KIPTTFENGR CIQANYSLME NGKIKVLNQE LRADGTVNQI EGEATPVNLT EPAKLEVKFS WFMPSAPYWI LATDYENYAL VYSCTCIIQL FHVDFAWILA RNPNLPPETV DSLKNILTSN NIDVKKMTVT DQVNCPKLSH HHHHH |
| 预测分子量 | 20 kDa |
| 蛋白标签 | His tag N-Terminus |
| 缓冲液 | PBS, pH7.4, containing 0.01% SKL, 1mM DTT, 5% Trehalose and Proclin300. |
| 稳定性 & 储存条件 | Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months. |
| 复溶 | Always centrifuge tubes before opening.Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles. |
以下是关于APOD(载脂蛋白D)重组蛋白的3篇文献参考，包含标题、作者及摘要概述：
1. **标题**：Expression and Characterization of Recombinant Human Apolipoprotein D
**作者**：Smith JR, et al.
**摘要**：该研究成功在哺乳动物细胞系中表达了重组人APOD蛋白，并验证了其与脂质结合的能力。实验表明，重组APOD在体外具有稳定胆固醇运输的功能，为研究其在代谢疾病中的作用提供了工具。
2. **标题**：Structural Analysis of Recombinant Apolipoprotein D Reveals Key Lipid-Binding Domains
**作者**：Gonzalez A, et al.
**摘要**：通过X射线晶体学解析了重组APOD的三维结构，发现其疏水口袋是脂质分子结合的关键区域，为理解APOD在神经退行性疾病中的保护机制提供了结构基础。
3. **标题**：Recombinant APOD Attenuates Oxidative Stress in Cellular Models of Parkinson’s Disease
**作者**：Wang L, et al.
**摘要**：研究显示，重组APOD蛋白能够显著减少帕金森病细胞模型中的活性氧(ROS)水平，证实其抗氧化功能可能通过调节细胞应激通路实现，提示其作为治疗靶点的潜力。
(注：上述文献为示例，实际引用时需核实数据库中的真实发表信息。)
Apolipoprotein D (APOD) is a small, glycosylated protein belonging to the lipocalin family, initially identified in human plasma and later found in diverse biological fluids, including cerebrospinal fluid, breast milk, and lymph. Discovered in the 1970s, APOD is distinct from other apolipoproteins due to its unique ligand-binding properties and widespread tissue expression. Structurally, it features a characteristic β-barrel fold that enables interactions with hydrophobic molecules such as cholesterol, arachidonic acid, and steroid hormones, facilitating lipid transport and metabolism.
APOD plays multifaceted roles in cellular processes, including lipid homeostasis, inflammation modulation, and oxidative stress response. It is notably upregulated in neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, where it is thought to exert neuroprotective effects by mitigating lipid peroxidation and stabilizing membranes. In cancer, APOD expression varies by tissue type, acting as a potential biomarker in breast, ovarian, and prostate malignancies. Its involvement in wound healing and immune regulation further highlights its biological versatility.
Recombinant APOD, produced via bacterial or mammalian expression systems, allows for detailed functional studies and therapeutic exploration. Researchers leverage recombinant forms to investigate its mechanisms in lipid trafficking, neuroprotection, and cancer progression. Recent studies suggest its potential in drug delivery systems due to its ability to bind small molecules. Despite progress, questions remain about its precise signaling pathways and tissue-specific roles, driving ongoing research into its therapeutic applications for neurological disorders, metabolic syndromes, and oncology. APOD’s dual roles in health and disease underscore its significance as a research focus and therapeutic candidate.
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