Recombinant Human CPLX2 protein

CPLX2 (Complexin 2) is a synaptic protein critical for regulating neurotransmitter release in the nervous system. As a member of the complexin family, it functions as a key modulator of synaptic vesicle fusion, working in tandem with the SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor) complex. CPLX2 stabilizes the pre-fusion state of synaptic vesicles, preventing spontaneous exocytosis while simultaneously enhancing calcium-triggered synchronous release. This dual role ensures precise control over synaptic transmission, maintaining the balance between signal fidelity and responsiveness.

Expressed predominantly in the central nervous system, CPLX2 is enriched in neurons of the hippocampus, cortex, and cerebellum, regions associated with learning, memory, and motor coordination. Its activity is tightly linked to synaptic plasticity, a cellular basis for information processing and adaptation. Studies using knockout models reveal that CPLX2 deficiency disrupts synaptic vesicle pool organization, leading to impaired neurotransmitter release and altered neural circuit dynamics. These findings underscore its importance in maintaining normal cognitive and behavioral functions.

The recombinant CPLX2 protein, produced via heterologous expression systems (e.g., E. coli or mammalian cells), retains the native structure and functional domains necessary for biochemical studies. Researchers employ it to investigate synaptic mechanisms, screen potential neuroactive compounds, or develop diagnostics for neurological disorders. Notably, altered CPLX2 expression has been implicated in neuropsychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders, making it a biomarker candidate and therapeutic target. Its conserved N-terminal domain and central α-helical region are particularly scrutinized for their roles in membrane interactions and SNARE complex regulation.