Recombinant Human PKP1 protein

Plakophilin-1 (PKP1) is a key component of desmosomes, specialized cell-cell adhesion structures critical for maintaining tissue integrity, particularly in skin and heart. As a member of the armadillo protein family, PKP1 serves as a scaffolding molecule, bridging desmosomal cadherins (e.g., desmocollin, desmoglein) to the intermediate filament network. It plays essential roles in embryogenesis, tissue differentiation, and mechanical stress resistance. Mutations in the PKP1 gene are linked to ectodermal dysplasia-skin fragility syndrome, characterized by skin fragility, hair abnormalities, and cardiac defects, underscoring its biological significance.

Recombinant PKP1 protein is produced using heterologous expression systems (e.g., E. coli, mammalian cells) to study its structure-function relationships and molecular interactions. Unlike native PKP1. which undergoes post-translational modifications, recombinant versions often lack certain modifications unless expressed in eukaryotic systems. Researchers utilize purified PKP1 to investigate its binding partners, such as desmoplakin and keratin filaments, and to model pathological mechanisms in genetic disorders. Its applications extend to drug discovery, where it aids in screening compounds targeting desmosomal diseases or cancer metastasis, as altered PKP1 expression is observed in carcinomas. Additionally, recombinant PKP1 serves as an antigen for antibody development in diagnostic assays. Despite technical challenges in preserving its native conformation during production, advances in protein engineering continue to enhance its utility in both basic research and therapeutic exploration.