Recombinant Human ADRa1A protein

ADRα1A (Alpha-1A Adrenergic Receptor) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that plays a critical role in mediating physiological responses to catecholamines, particularly norepinephrine and epinephrine. It is a subtype of the alpha-1 adrenergic receptor family, encoded by the ADRA1A gene in humans. This receptor is predominantly expressed in smooth muscle tissues, including vascular, urethral, and prostatic muscles, where it regulates processes such as vasoconstriction, blood pressure maintenance, and urinary retention. Activation of ADRα1A triggers Gq/11 protein signaling, leading to phospholipase C activation, intracellular calcium release, and smooth muscle contraction.

Recombinant ADRα1A protein is engineered for in vitro studies to overcome challenges in isolating native receptors due to low expression levels in tissues. Produced using heterologous expression systems (e.g., mammalian, insect, or bacterial cells), the recombinant protein often includes affinity tags (e.g., His-tag, FLAG) for simplified purification and detection. Its structure typically retains key functional domains, including seven transmembrane helices, extracellular loops for ligand binding, and intracellular regions for G protein coupling.

Research applications include drug discovery targeting hypertension, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and cardiovascular diseases. By studying ligand-receptor interactions or signal transduction mechanisms, scientists can screen selective agonists/antagonists. Additionally, recombinant ADRα1A supports structural biology efforts (e.g., X-ray crystallography, cryo-EM) to resolve 3D conformations, aiding rational drug design. Its use also extends to antibody development for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. However, maintaining native-like post-translational modifications (e.g., glycosylation) and conformational stability during recombinant production remains a technical focus to ensure functional relevance in experimental models.