| 纯度 | >90%SDS-PAGE. |
| 种属 | Human |
| 靶点 | NANP |
| Uniprot No | Q8TBE9 |
| 内毒素 | < 0.01EU/μg |
| 表达宿主 | E.coli |
| 表达区间 | 1-248aa |
| 氨基酸序列 | MRGSHHHHHHGMASMTGGQQMGRDLYDDDDKDRWGS MGLSRVRAVFFDLDNTLIDTAGASRRGMLEVIKLLQSKYHYKEEAEIICD KVQVKLSKECFHPYNTCITDLRTSHWEEAIQETKGGAANRKLAEECYFLW KSTRLQHMTLAEDVKAMLTELRKEVRLLLLTNGDRQTQREKIEACACQSY FDAVVVGGEQREEKPAPSIFYYCCNLLGVQPGDCVMVGDTLETDIQGGLN AGLKATVWINKNGIVPLKSSPVPHYMVSSVLELPALLQSIDCKVSMST |
| 预测分子量 | 32 kDa |
| 蛋白标签 | His tag N-Terminus |
| 缓冲液 | PBS, pH7.4, containing 0.01% SKL, 1mM DTT, 5% Trehalose and Proclin300. |
| 稳定性 & 储存条件 | Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months. |
| 复溶 | Always centrifuge tubes before opening.Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles. |
以下是关于NANP重组蛋白的3篇参考文献及其摘要概括：
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1. **标题**：*Structure of the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein reveals a vaccine-induced epitope*
**作者**：Dame, J.B. 等
**摘要**：研究解析了疟原虫环子孢子蛋白(CSP)的NANP重复序列结构，揭示其在疫苗(如RTS,S)中作为关键B细胞表位的作用，证明重组表达的NANP蛋白可诱导高滴度抗体，阻断疟原虫入侵肝细胞。
2. **标题**：*A malaria vaccine based on the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein fused to hepatitis B virus core particles*
**作者**：Kappe, S.H. 等
**摘要**：构建了重组NANP蛋白与乙肝核心病毒样颗粒(VLPs)的融合抗原，通过动物实验证明其可显著增强针对疟原虫的免疫应答，为基于NANP的多价疫苗设计提供策略。
3. **标题**：*Repetitive NANP sequences in the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein synergistically enhance immunogenicity*
**作者**：Richie, T.L. 等
**摘要**：比较不同NANP重复次数的重组蛋白免疫原性，发现增加重复次数可显著提升抗体亲和力和保护效果，为优化疟疾疫苗抗原设计提供依据。
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如需更多文献或具体研究方向(如递送系统或临床研究)，可进一步补充说明。
The NANP recombinant protein is a synthetic antigen derived from the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) of *Plasmodium falciparum*, the parasite responsible for the deadliest form of malaria. CSP, a dominant surface protein on malaria sporozoites, contains a central immunodominant region composed of tandem repeats of the tetrapeptide sequence Asn-Ala-Asn-Pro (NANP). This repetitive motif is critical for sporozoite motility and hepatocyte invasion, making it a prime target for vaccine development.
In the 1980s, researchers identified the NANP repeats as a key B-cell epitope capable of eliciting antibodies that neutralize sporozoites. However, early subunit vaccines using NANP peptides alone showed limited efficacy due to poor immunogenicity. This led to the development of recombinant NANP-based antigens fused with potent T-cell epitopes or carrier proteins to enhance immune responses. The most advanced example is RTS,S/AS01 (Mosquirix™), a virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine combining NANP repeats with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and the adjuvant AS01. Clinical trials demonstrated ~40% efficacy in preventing malaria, leading to WHO endorsement for high-risk regions in 2021.
NANP recombinant proteins are typically produced in yeast or bacterial expression systems, ensuring scalability for global distribution. Beyond vaccines, they serve as diagnostic tools and research reagents for studying antibody responses. Challenges remain, including strain-specific immunity and declining protection over time, driving ongoing efforts to optimize NANP-based designs through nanoparticle display, multivalent formulations, and combination with other malaria antigens. These innovations aim to achieve higher and more durable protection against malaria, a disease causing over 600.000 deaths annually.
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