Recombinant Human LCN2 protein

Lipocalin-2 (LCN2), also known as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), is a secreted glycoprotein belonging to the lipocalin family. It plays diverse roles in innate immunity, iron metabolism, and inflammatory responses. Structurally, LCN2 contains a conserved β-barrel fold that enables binding to small hydrophobic molecules, including bacterial siderophores, which is critical for its antimicrobial activity by sequestering iron and limiting bacterial growth. Beyond host defense, LCN2 is involved in cellular processes such as apoptosis, differentiation, and cancer progression, with elevated expression observed in various pathologies, including kidney injury, obesity, neurodegenerative diseases, and tumors.

Recombinant LCN2 protein is engineered through genetic modification, typically expressed in bacterial (e.g., *E. coli*), mammalian, or yeast systems to ensure proper folding and post-translational modifications. Its production enables functional studies to dissect molecular mechanisms in disease models, particularly its dual roles in promoting or suppressing inflammation and tumorigenesis depending on context. Researchers also utilize recombinant LCN2 as a biomarker in diagnostic assays for acute kidney injury and other conditions. Therapeutic exploration includes targeting LCN2 pathways to modulate iron homeostasis or inflammation, as well as leveraging its cargo-binding capacity for drug delivery. However, its pleiotropic effects necessitate careful evaluation in clinical applications. Ongoing research aims to clarify its context-dependent signaling and therapeutic potential across disciplines.