Rabbit Polyclonal IL34 Antibody

Interleukin-34 (IL-34) is a cytokine discovered in 2008 that binds to the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R), sharing functional overlap with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF1). It plays critical roles in regulating monocyte survival, differentiation of tissue-resident macrophages, and osteoclastogenesis. IL-34 antibodies are tools developed to study or modulate IL-34-mediated signaling. Structurally, IL-34 forms a dimer and interacts with CSF1R through distinct binding sites compared to CSF1. enabling unique regulatory effects in diseases. Research highlights its involvement in cancer progression, inflammatory disorders, and neurodegenerative conditions, where IL-34 often promotes immunosuppressive microenvironments by sustaining tumor-associated macrophages or modulating neuroinflammation. Antibodies targeting IL-34. including monoclonal and neutralizing variants, aim to block its interaction with CSF1R, thereby inhibiting downstream pathways like MAPK and PI3K/AKT. Preclinical studies demonstrate their potential in cancer immunotherapy, rheumatoid arthritis, and Alzheimer's disease models. Challenges include ensuring antibody specificity, minimizing off-target effects on CSF1-CSF1R interactions, and understanding tissue-specific IL-34 roles. Species-specific antibodies (e.g., murine, humanized) facilitate translational research. While therapeutic applications remain exploratory, IL-34 antibodies serve as vital reagents for dissecting its biology and validating its candidacy as a disease biomarker or therapeutic target.