Recombinant Human CDNF protein

**Background of CDNF Recombinant Protein**

CDNF (Cerebral Dopamine Neurotrophic Factor) is a secreted protein discovered in 2007 as a member of the evolutionarily conserved CDNF/MANF family, distinct from classical neurotrophic factors like GDNF (Glial cell line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor). Structurally, CDNF contains an N-terminal saposin-like domain, which facilitates lipid binding and membrane interactions, and a C-terminal domain with a unique three-dimensional structure stabilized by disulfide bonds. This configuration enables CDNF to exert neuroprotective and restorative effects, particularly on dopaminergic neurons, which are critical in neurodegenerative disorders like Parkinson’s disease (PD).

Unlike traditional neurotrophic factors that primarily activate receptor tyrosine kinases, CDNF modulates cellular stress responses, including endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and inflammation, through mechanisms linked to unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways. This dual functionality—neuroprotection and stress mitigation—positions CDNF as a promising therapeutic candidate. Preclinical studies demonstrate that CDNF recombinant protein, produced via bacterial (e.g., *E. coli*) or mammalian expression systems, rescues dopaminergic neurons, improves motor function in PD animal models, and exhibits prolonged stability in vivo.

The development of recombinant CDNF leverages advances in protein engineering to ensure proper folding, solubility, and bioactivity. Its potential extends beyond PD to other neurodegenerative conditions (e.g., Alzheimer’s disease, stroke) and metabolic disorders, driven by its ability to enhance neuronal survival and mitigate cellular stress across diverse tissues. Current research focuses on optimizing delivery methods (e.g., intracranial infusion, gene therapy) and evaluating safety in clinical trials, addressing challenges like blood-brain barrier penetration.

CDNF’s unique mechanism and broad therapeutic potential highlight its role as a next-generation neurotrophic factor, offering hope for diseases with limited treatment options.