Rabbit Polyclonal ERVWE1 Antibody

The ERVWE1 antibody is associated with the human endogenous retrovirus group W envelope (HERV-W) family, specifically targeting the envelope protein Syncytin-1 encoded by the ERVWE1 locus. HERVs are remnants of ancient retroviral infections integrated into the human genome, constituting ~8% of human DNA. ERVWE1. located on chromosome 7q21.2. is critical in placental development due to Syncytin-1’s role in cell-cell fusion and immunosuppression. However, aberrant expression of Syncytin-1 has been implicated in autoimmune and neuroinflammatory disorders, notably multiple sclerosis (MS). Studies suggest ERVWE1 antibodies may arise from molecular mimicry or HERV-W reactivation, potentially contributing to MS pathogenesis by triggering immune responses against myelin or glial cells. Elevated ERVWE1 antibody levels have been detected in MS patients’ serum and cerebrospinal fluid, correlating with disease activity. Despite this, their diagnostic specificity remains debated, as similar antibodies are observed in other conditions like type 1 diabetes and schizophrenia. Research focuses on understanding whether ERVWE1 antibodies are pathogenic drivers or secondary biomarkers of inflammation. Therapeutic strategies targeting HERV-W elements, including monoclonal antibodies against Syncytin-1. are under investigation. However, challenges persist in standardizing detection methods and elucidating precise mechanisms linking ERVWE1 immunity to disease.