| 纯度 | >90%SDS-PAGE. |
| 种属 | Human |
| 靶点 | Histone H4 |
| Uniprot No | P62805 |
| 内毒素 | < 0.01EU/μg |
| 表达宿主 | E.coli |
| 表达区间 | 2-103aa |
| 氨基酸序列 | SGRGKGGKGLGKGGAKRHRKVLRDNIQGITKPAIRRLARRGGVKRISGLI YEETRGVLKVFLENVIRDAVTYTEHAKRKTVTAMDVVYALKRQGRTLYGF GG |
| 预测分子量 | 12 kDa |
| 蛋白标签 | His tag N-Terminus |
| 缓冲液 | PBS, pH7.4, containing 0.01% SKL, 1mM DTT, 5% Trehalose and Proclin300. |
| 稳定性 & 储存条件 | Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months. |
| 复溶 | Always centrifuge tubes before opening.Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles. |
以下是关于重组组蛋白H4(Histone H4)的3篇参考文献的简要信息：
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1. **文献名称**：Crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle at 2.8 Å resolution
**作者**：Luger, K., Mäder, A.W., Richmond, R.K., et al.
**摘要**：该研究解析了核小体核心颗粒的晶体结构，明确了组蛋白H4与其他核心组蛋白(H2A、H2B、H3)的相互作用及在染色质组装中的关键角色。实验中使用了重组组蛋白H4.验证了其参与核小体稳定性及DNA包装的功能。
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2. **文献名称**：Reconstitution of nucleosome core particles from recombinant histones and DNA
**作者**：Dyer, P.N., Edayathumangalam, R.S., White, C.L., et al.
**摘要**：文章系统描述了通过大肠杆菌表达和纯化重组组蛋白(包括H4)的方法，并利用重组蛋白与DNA体外重构核小体。重点强调了H4的二聚化特性及其在核小体组装中的必要性。
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3. **文献名称**：Histone H4-K16 acetylation controls chromatin structure and protein interactions
**作者**：Shogren-Knaak, M., Ishii, H., Sun, J.M., et al.
**摘要**：研究探讨了组蛋白H4第16位赖氨酸乙酰化(H4K16ac)对染色质高级结构和蛋白质结合的影响。通过重组H4蛋白的位点特异性修饰，揭示了该修饰在基因激活和染色质鬆弛中的调控机制。
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这些文献涵盖了重组组蛋白H4的结构研究、制备方法及其表观遗传修饰的功能分析，可作为相关研究的理论基础和技术参考。
Histone H4 is a core component of nucleosomes, the fundamental repeating units of eukaryotic chromatin. As one of the five major histone families (H2A, H2B, H3. H4. and linker histone H1), H4 plays a critical role in organizing DNA into higher-order structures and regulating epigenetic processes. It forms a heterodimer with histone H3. and two H3-H4 dimers assemble into a tetramer that serves as the central scaffold for nucleosome formation. Histone H4 is highly conserved across species, underscoring its essential function in chromatin architecture and genome stability.
Recombinant histone H4 proteins are produced using genetic engineering techniques, typically expressed in bacterial systems like *E. coli* due to their simplicity and cost-effectiveness. These proteins are purified to near homogeneity and often modified with tags (e.g., His-tag) for efficient isolation. Recombinant H4 retains the ability to form nucleosomes *in vitro* when combined with other histones, making it invaluable for studying chromatin dynamics, DNA-histone interactions, and post-translational modifications (PTMs) such as acetylation, methylation, and phosphorylation. These PTMs regulate gene expression by altering chromatin accessibility or recruiting effector proteins.
Research applications of recombinant H4 include *in vitro* reconstitution of nucleosomes, enzymatic modification assays, and structural studies using techniques like X-ray crystallography and cryo-EM. It is also used to investigate the role of histone mutations in diseases, including cancer and developmental disorders. Unlike native histones, recombinant H4 offers precise control over PTM states, enabling mechanistic studies of epigenetic regulation. Its availability has significantly advanced our understanding of chromatin biology and epigenetics, providing tools for drug discovery targeting histone-modifying enzymes in therapeutic contexts.
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