| 纯度 | >90%SDS-PAGE. |
| 种属 | Human |
| 靶点 | C4d |
| Uniprot No | P0C0L4 |
| 内毒素 | < 0.01EU/μg |
| 表达宿主 | E.coli |
| 表达区间 | 957-1336aa |
| 氨基酸序列 | MASMTGGQQMGRGHHHHHHGNLYFQGGEFTLEIPGNSDPNMIPDGDFNSY VRVTASDPLDTLGSEGALSPGGVASLLRLPRGCGEQTMIYLAPTLAASRY LDKTEQWSTLPPETKDHAVDLIQKGYMRIQQFRKADGSYAAWLSRDSSTW LTAFVLKVLSLAQEQVGGSPEKLQETSNWLLSQQQADGSFQDPCPVLDRS MQGGLVGNDETVALTAFVTIALHHGLAVFQDEGAEPLKQRVEASISKANS FLGEKASAGLLGAHAAAITAYALTLTKAPVDLLGVAHNNLMAMAQETGDN LYWGSVTGSQSNAVSPTPAPRNPSDPMPQAPALWIETTAYALLHLLLHEG KAEMADQASAWLTRQGSFQGGFRSTQDTVIALDALSAYWIASHTTEERGL NVTLSSTGR |
| 预测分子量 | 44 kDa |
| 蛋白标签 | His tag N-Terminus |
| 缓冲液 | PBS, pH7.4, containing 0.01% SKL, 1mM DTT, 5% Trehalose and Proclin300. |
| 稳定性 & 储存条件 | Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months. |
| 复溶 | Always centrifuge tubes before opening.Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles. |
以下是3-4条关于C4d重组蛋白的参考文献示例(内容为虚构示例，供参考格式)：
1. **文献名称**：*Production and Characterization of Recombinant C4d for Diagnostic Applications*
**作者**：Smith, J., et al.
**摘要**：研究通过大肠杆菌表达系统高效生产重组C4d蛋白，验证其抗原性与天然C4d一致，为移植排斥反应的免疫检测提供标准化工具。
2. **文献名称**：*C4d as a Biomarker in Antibody-Mediated Rejection: Role of Recombinant C4d in Assay Development*
**作者**：Zhang, L., et al.
**摘要**：利用重组C4d开发ELISA检测方法，分析肾移植患者血清中的C4d沉积水平，证实其与抗体介导排斥反应的高度相关性。
3. **文献名称**：*Structural Analysis of Recombinant Human C4d Using Cryo-EM*
**作者**：Wang, Y., et al.
**摘要**：通过冷冻电镜解析重组人源C4d的三维结构，揭示其与补体受体相互作用的分子机制，为靶向药物设计提供依据。
4. **文献名称**：*Recombinant C4d in Autoimmune Disease Models: Implications for Complement Activation Monitoring*
**作者**：Brown, K., et al.
**摘要**：在小鼠系统性红斑狼疮模型中，重组C4d作为标记物成功监测补体激活程度，证明其在自身免疫疾病研究中的潜在价值。
(注：以上文献为示例，实际引用需根据真实研究调整。)
C4d recombinant protein is a biologically engineered derivative of the complement component 4d (C4d), a critical fragment generated during the activation of the classical complement pathway. The complement system, a key mediator of innate immunity, contributes to pathogen clearance and immune complex regulation. C4d is formed when complement component C4 is cleaved during pathway activation, covalently binding to nearby tissues or cell surfaces. This stable deposition makes C4d a widely recognized biomarker for detecting complement activation in autoimmune diseases and transplant rejection, particularly in kidney allografts.
Recombinant C4d is produced via molecular cloning techniques, typically using bacterial (e.g., *E. coli*) or mammalian expression systems. The gene encoding C4d is inserted into expression vectors, allowing large-scale production of the protein with high purity and consistency. Post-translational modifications, critical for functional studies, are achieved through mammalian systems like HEK293 or CHO cells.
In research and diagnostics, recombinant C4d serves as a standardized tool to develop antibodies, calibrate assays (e.g., ELISA, immunohistochemistry), and study complement-driven pathologies. It aids in diagnosing antibody-mediated rejection in transplant recipients by detecting C4d deposits in graft tissues. Additionally, it facilitates mechanistic studies in autoimmune conditions like lupus, where aberrant complement activation is implicated. The recombinant form overcomes limitations of native C4d isolation, such as low yield and contamination risks, ensuring reproducibility in experimental and clinical settings. Its applications extend to therapeutic development, including complement-targeted drugs and biomarker validation.
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