Recombinant Human At3g57050 protein

At3g57050. a gene in *Arabidopsis thaliana*, encodes a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase designated as CYP71B34. This enzyme belongs to the CYP71 clan, one of the largest plant P450 families involved in specialized metabolism. Cytochrome P450s are heme-containing proteins that catalyze oxidation reactions, often critical for synthesizing secondary metabolites, phytohormones, or detoxifying compounds. CYP71B34 is associated with plant defense mechanisms, particularly in response to biotic stress. Studies suggest its involvement in the biosynthesis or modification of defense-related metabolites, such as camalexin or glucosinolates, though its exact substrates remain under investigation.

The recombinant protein of At3g57050 is typically expressed in heterologous systems like *E. coli* or yeast for functional characterization. Structural predictions indicate conserved P450 features: a hydrophobic N-terminal membrane anchor, a α-helix-rich globular domain, and a heme-binding region. Its activity is NADPH- and oxygen-dependent, common to P450s. Research highlights its upregulated expression during pathogen attacks, notably by *Pseudomonas syringae* or fungal pathogens, implying a role in antimicrobial compound production.

Functional studies using recombinant CYP71B34 have explored its catalytic versatility. In vitro assays reveal potential involvement in hydroxylation or oxidative tailoring of aromatic compounds. Interaction with redox partners like cytochrome b5 is hypothesized to enhance catalytic efficiency. Despite progress, its physiological context—whether it acts in tandem with specific pathways (e.g., tryptophan-derived metabolites) or regulates cross-talk between defense signals—requires deeper exploration.

Overall, At3g57050 recombinant protein serves as a tool to dissect plant metabolic adaptations to stress, offering insights into engineering disease-resistant crops or biotechnological synthesis of bioactive molecules.