Rabbit Polyclonal PADI4 Antibody

PADI4 (peptidyl arginine deiminase 4) is an enzyme belonging to the PADI family, which catalyzes the post-translational conversion of arginine residues to citrulline in proteins, a process called citrullination. This modification plays roles in gene regulation, chromatin remodeling, and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. PADI4 is notably implicated in autoimmune diseases, particularly rheumatoid arthritis (RA), where citrullinated proteins trigger the production of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs), a hallmark of RA. Antibodies targeting PADI4 itself (anti-PADI4 antibodies) have been identified in RA patients, though their clinical significance remains under investigation. These autoantibodies may arise due to dysregulated immune responses against aberrantly expressed or citrullinated PADI4. potentially contributing to disease pathogenesis. Studies suggest that anti-PADI4 antibodies could serve as biomarkers for RA progression or subtypes, but their specificity and utility require further validation. Beyond autoimmunity, PADI4 overexpression is linked to cancers, where it influences tumorigenesis via epigenetic mechanisms. Research on PADI4 antibodies also extends to understanding their role in modulating enzymatic activity or interfering with citrullination-dependent pathways, offering insights into therapeutic targeting. However, challenges persist in standardizing detection methods and clarifying their pathophysiological relevance across diseases.