| WB | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IF | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IHC | 1/25-1/100 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| ICC | 技术咨询 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| FCM | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Elisa | 1/1000-1/2000 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Aliases | IA2; IA-2; ICA512; R-PTP-N; IA-2/PTP |
| Host/Isotype | Rabbit IgG |
| Antibody Type | Primary antibody |
| Storage | Store at 4°C short term. Aliquot and store at -20°C long term. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. |
| Species Reactivity | Human, Mouse, Rat |
| Immunogen | Fusion protein of human PTPRN |
| Formulation | Purified antibody in PBS with 0.05% sodium azide and 50% glycerol. |
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以下是关于PTPRN抗体的3篇参考文献及其摘要概括：
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1. **文献名称**: *"IA-2. a transmembrane protein of the protein tyrosine phosphatase family, is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus"*
**作者**: Rabin DU, et al.
**摘要**: 该研究首次将PTPRN(IA-2)鉴定为1型糖尿病的关键自身抗原，发现患者血清中高频率存在针对IA-2胞内结构域的自身抗体，提出其可作为糖尿病诊断及预测的生物标志物。
2. **文献名称**: *"Radioimmunoassay for antibodies to the diabetes-specific antigen IA-2: a new highly predictive marker of type 1 diabetes"*
**作者**: Lampasona V, et al.
**摘要**: 开发了一种检测PTPRN(IA-2)抗体的放射免疫分析法，证明其在1型糖尿病高危人群筛查中的高敏感性和特异性，并发现抗体阳性与疾病进展显著相关。
3. **文献名称**: *"Combined antibody screening for improved prediction of type 1 diabetes: the significance of IA-2 autoantibodies"*
**作者**: Achenbach P, et al.
**摘要**: 通过多中心研究验证了联合检测PTPRN抗体与其他胰岛自身抗体(如GAD65)可显著提高1型糖尿病风险分层和早期诊断的准确性，强调了其在临床中的实用性。
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以上文献聚焦于PTPRN抗体的自身免疫特性及其在1型糖尿病中的诊断价值，反映了其在疾病机制和转化医学中的关键作用。
The protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type N (PTPRN), also known as IA-2 (Islet Antigen-2), is a transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the receptor-type tyrosine phosphatase family. Primarily expressed in neuroendocrine tissues, including pancreatic islet β-cells and neuronal cells, PTPRN plays roles in secretory granule regulation, hormone biosynthesis, and cell adhesion. Its intracellular domain contains tyrosine phosphatase activity, though its precise substrates remain under investigation.
PTPRN antibodies are autoantibodies targeting this protein, commonly studied in the context of autoimmune diseases. Notably, they serve as biomarkers for type 1 diabetes (T1D), where their presence correlates with progressive β-cell destruction. Detected in 60-80% of T1D patients, PTPRN antibodies often appear years before clinical onset, aiding in early diagnosis and risk stratification. They are part of the standard autoimmune diabetes panel alongside insulin and GAD65 antibodies.
Research also links PTPRN antibodies to other endocrine disorders, such as autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes, and neurological conditions like stiff-person syndrome. Commercially available PTPRN antibodies are essential tools for immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and ELISA to study protein localization, expression patterns, and autoimmune responses. However, variability in antibody specificity requires careful validation in experimental models. Ongoing studies explore PTPRN's functional roles in secretion and its potential as a therapeutic target. (Word count: 247)
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