| WB | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IF | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IHC | 1/50-1/200 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| ICC | 技术咨询 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| FCM | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Elisa | 1/5000-1/10000 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Aliases | HDHD4; C20orf147; dJ694B14.3 |
| Host/Isotype | Rabbit IgG |
| Antibody Type | Primary antibody |
| Storage | Store at 4°C short term. Aliquot and store at -20°C long term. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. |
| Species Reactivity | Human, Mouse, Rat |
| Immunogen | Fusion protein of human NANP |
| Formulation | Purified antibody in PBS with 0.05% sodium azide and 50% glycerol. |
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以下是关于NANP抗体的3篇代表性文献(内容基于公开研究总结，非真实文献，仅供示例参考)：
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1. **文献名称**：*A protective monoclonal antibody recognizes a conserved epitope in the circumsporozoite protein of Plasmodium falciparum*
**作者**：Zavala, F. et al.
**摘要**：本研究首次报道了靶向疟原虫环子孢子蛋白(CSP)NANP重复序列的单克隆抗体的保护性机制，证实其通过阻断寄生虫入侵肝细胞发挥抗疟作用。
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2. **文献名称**：*Structural basis for antibody recognition of the NANP repeats in Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein*
**作者**：Oyen, D. et al.
**摘要**：通过冷冻电镜技术解析了人源单克隆抗体与CSP蛋白NANP重复区的复合物结构，揭示了抗体通过结合多价NANP表位实现高效中和疟原虫的分子机制。
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3. **文献名称**：*Diversity and function of human antibodies targeting Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein*
**作者**：Seder, R.A. et al.
**摘要**：系统分析了不同个体接种RTS,S疫苗后产生的NANP特异性抗体，发现抗体亲和力、亚型及表位覆盖广度与临床保护效果显著相关。
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(注：以上文献为示例性内容，实际研究中建议通过PubMed或Google Scholar以关键词“NANP antibody”“Plasmodium falciparum CSP”等检索最新论文。)
The NANP antibody is primarily associated with immune responses against the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) of *Plasmodium falciparum*, the parasite responsible for malaria. CSP, expressed on the surface of sporozoites, contains a central repeat region dominated by tandem NANP (Asn-Ala-Asn-Pro) amino acid motifs. These repeats are critical for sporozoite motility and hepatocyte invasion during early malaria infection. Antibodies targeting NANP repeats are a key focus of malaria vaccine development, as they can neutralize sporozoites and block liver-stage infection. The RTS,S vaccine, the first approved malaria vaccine, incorporates a portion of CSP, including NANP repeats, to elicit protective antibodies.
Studies show that anti-NANP antibodies correlate with protection in humans, though their efficacy varies. These antibodies function by agglutinating sporozoites, inhibiting gliding motility, or preventing hepatocyte adhesion. However, the repetitive nature of NANP epitopes may limit antibody affinity maturation, potentially explaining transient protection in some cases. Recent efforts explore optimizing NANP-based immunogens, such as multivalent nanoparticles or fusion proteins, to enhance antibody quality and durability. Challenges remain in achieving sustained high-titer responses and overcoming antigenic variability. Understanding NANP antibody dynamics informs next-generation vaccines aiming for broader and longer-lasting immunity against malaria.
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