Recombinant Human APOC1 protein

Apolipoprotein C-I (APOC1) is a small, exchangeable apolipoprotein primarily synthesized in the liver and intestine. It plays a critical role in lipid metabolism by associating with triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (e.g., VLDL) and HDL, modulating their interactions with enzymes and receptors. APOC1 inhibits lipoprotein lipase (LPL), delaying triglyceride hydrolysis and prolonging lipoprotein circulation, and affects cholesterol homeostasis by influencing LCAT activity and HDL remodeling. It also binds the LDL receptor-related protein, potentially impacting lipid clearance.

APOC1 is linked to cardiovascular diseases due to its role in dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis. Elevated levels correlate with metabolic syndrome and Alzheimer’s disease, where it may promote amyloid-beta aggregation. Its gene resides within the APOE/APOC1/APOC2 cluster on chromosome 19. with polymorphisms influencing disease risk.

Recombinant APOC1 is produced via bacterial (e.g., E. coli) or eukaryotic expression systems, enabling studies on its structure-function relationships. Engineered variants often include tags (e.g., His-tag) for purification. Researchers use recombinant APOC1 to investigate lipid-protein interactions, inflammatory pathways, and therapeutic targets. Its small size (6.6 kDa) and solubility challenges necessitate optimized expression protocols. Studies highlight its dual role in lipid metabolism and neuropathology, making it a focus for drug development and biomarker research.