Recombinant Human ADORA2a protein

ADORA2A, or adenosine A2a receptor, is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that plays a critical role in mediating the physiological effects of adenosine, a purine nucleoside involved in cellular energy metabolism and signaling. Primarily expressed in the brain, immune cells, and cardiovascular tissues, ADORA2A regulates diverse processes such as neurotransmitter release, immune response modulation, and vasodilation. It is particularly abundant in the striatum, where it interacts with dopamine receptors to influence motor control, cognition, and reward pathways. Dysregulation of ADORA2A signaling has been linked to neurological disorders (e.g., Parkinson’s disease, schizophrenia), inflammatory conditions, and cardiovascular diseases.

Recombinant ADORA2A protein is engineered using heterologous expression systems (e.g., mammalian, insect, or bacterial cells) to produce purified, functional receptor proteins for research and drug discovery. This recombinant form retains key structural features, including seven transmembrane domains and ligand-binding sites, enabling studies on receptor activation, ligand interactions, and downstream signaling pathways. Its production often involves tagging (e.g., His-tag) for simplified purification via affinity chromatography.

Researchers utilize recombinant ADORA2A to screen therapeutic compounds targeting adenosine receptors, such as antagonists for Parkinson’s disease or anti-inflammatory agents. It also aids in structural biology (e.g., X-ray crystallography, cryo-EM) to resolve receptor-ligand complexes, advancing the design of subtype-selective drugs. Additionally, it serves as a tool to investigate cross-talk with other receptors (e.g., dopamine D2 receptors) and adenosine’s role in tumor immunology, where ADORA2A inhibition enhances anti-cancer T-cell responses. Its recombinant availability accelerates mechanistic studies and translational applications in neurology, immunology, and cardiology.