| 纯度 | > 95 % SDS-PAGE. |
| 种属 | Human |
| 靶点 | ATP5D |
| Uniprot No | P30049 |
| 内毒素 | < 0.01EU/μg |
| 表达宿主 | E.coli |
| 表达区间 | 23-168aa |
| 氨基酸序列 | MGSSHHHHHHSSGLVPRGSHMAEAAAAPAAASGPNQMSFTFASPTQVFFN GANVRQVDVPTLTGAFGILAAHVPTLQVLRPGLVVVHAEDGTTSKYFVSS GSIAVNADSSVQLLAEEAVTLDMLDLGAAKANLEKAQAELVGTADEATRA EIQIRIEANEALVKALE |
| 预测分子量 | 17 kDa |
| 蛋白标签 | His tag N-Terminus |
| 缓冲液 | PBS, pH7.4, containing 0.01% SKL, 1mM DTT, 5% Trehalose and Proclin300. |
| 稳定性 & 储存条件 | Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months. |
| 复溶 | Always centrifuge tubes before opening.Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles. |
以下是关于ATP5D重组蛋白的3篇参考文献及其摘要内容：
1. **文献名称**：Expression and Purification of Recombinant ATP5D for Structural Studies
**作者**：Li Y, et al.
**摘要**：该研究报道了人源ATP5D亚基在大肠杆菌中的重组表达与纯化方法，通过优化表达条件获得可溶性蛋白，并利用X射线晶体学分析其三维结构，揭示了其与ATP合酶其他亚基的相互作用界面。
2. **文献名称**：Functional Characterization of ATP5D in Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism
**作者**：Wang H, et al.
**摘要**：通过构建ATP5D重组蛋白，研究其在HEK293细胞线粒体中的功能。实验表明，ATP5D缺失会导致ATP合成效率下降，并影响线粒体膜电位，证实其在氧化磷酸化中的关键作用。
3. **文献名称**：ATP5D Recombinant Protein as a Biomarker in Neurodegenerative Diseases
**作者**：Chen X, et al.
**摘要**：研究利用重组ATP5D蛋白开发特异性抗体，分析阿尔茨海默病患者脑组织样本，发现ATP5D表达水平与线粒体功能障碍显著相关，提示其作为疾病生物标志物的潜力。
注：上述文献信息为示例性内容，实际文献需通过学术数据库(如PubMed、Web of Science)检索确认。
**Background of ATP5D Recombinant Protein**
ATP5D, also known as ATP synthase subunit delta, is a critical component of the mitochondrial ATP synthase complex (Complex V), which drives the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) during oxidative phosphorylation. This enzyme complex consists of two main structural domains: the membrane-embedded F0 region, responsible for proton translocation, and the catalytic F1 region, where ATP is generated. The delta subunit (ATP5D) is an essential part of the F1 portion, playing a key role in stabilizing the complex's structure and facilitating interactions between the F1 and F0 regions, thereby ensuring efficient coupling of proton flow to ATP production.
Recombinant ATP5D protein is produced using genetic engineering techniques, typically through expression in bacterial (e.g., *E. coli*) or eukaryotic systems (e.g., mammalian or insect cells). The gene encoding ATP5D is cloned into an expression vector, followed by purification via affinity chromatography to achieve high purity and specificity. This recombinant form retains the functional and structural properties of the native protein, making it a valuable tool for studying ATP synthase mechanics, mitochondrial energy metabolism, and related pathologies.
Research applications of ATP5D recombinant protein include enzymology studies, investigation of mitochondrial dysfunction in diseases (e.g., neurodegenerative disorders, cardiomyopathies), and drug discovery targeting energy metabolism pathways. Its use has also advanced understanding of how mutations in ATP synthase subunits contribute to metabolic disorders, offering insights for therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring mitochondrial function. Overall, ATP5D recombinant protein serves as a pivotal resource in both basic and applied biomedical research.
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