Recombinant Human TYRP1 protein

TYRP1 (Tyrosinase-Related Protein 1) is a melanocyte-specific enzyme integral to melanin biosynthesis, playing a critical role in determining skin, hair, and eye pigmentation. As a member of the tyrosinase enzyme family, it catalyzes the oxidation of 5.6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA) during melanogenesis, stabilizing melanin polymers and influencing their color and quality. TYRP1 also contributes to melanosome structure and maturation, interacting with other melanogenic proteins like tyrosinase and TYRP2 (DCT). Genetic mutations in TYRP1 are linked to oculocutaneous albinism type 3 (OCA3), characterized by reduced pigmentation and visual impairments, underscoring its biological significance.

Recombinant TYRP1 protein is produced via heterologous expression systems (e.g., bacterial, mammalian, or insect cell lines) using DNA cloning techniques. This engineered protein retains enzymatic activity and structural features of the native form, enabling controlled study of its function. Purification methods like affinity chromatography ensure high purity, making it valuable for biochemical assays, structural studies (e.g., X-ray crystallography), and screening therapeutic compounds targeting pigmentation disorders or melanoma. In melanoma research, TYRP1 serves as a tumor antigen, aiding immunotherapy development. Additionally, it is utilized in cosmetics to modulate melanin production for hyperpigmentation treatments. Research on TYRP1 enhances understanding of melanin-related diseases and supports therapeutic innovation.