Recombinant Human NFATC1 protein

Nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATC1), also known as NFAT2. is a transcription factor belonging to the NFAT protein family, which plays critical roles in immune response, cell differentiation, and development. It is characterized by a conserved N-terminal regulatory domain that interacts with calcium-sensitive phosphatase calcineurin and a C-terminal DNA-binding domain. In resting cells, NFATC1 resides in the cytoplasm in a phosphorylated state. Upon calcium signaling, calcineurin dephosphorylates NFATC1. triggering its nuclear translocation to regulate target gene expression. NFATC1 is particularly vital in T-cell activation, osteoclastogenesis, and cardiovascular development, with dysregulation linked to autoimmune diseases, cancer, and bone disorders.

Recombinant NFATC1 protein is engineered using expression systems (e.g., *E. coli*, mammalian cells) to produce purified, functional protein for research and therapeutic applications. This engineered protein retains key functional domains, enabling studies on its DNA-binding activity, protein interactions, and phosphorylation dynamics. Researchers utilize recombinant NFATC1 to dissect signaling pathways, screen drug candidates targeting calcineurin-NFAT interactions, and model pathological conditions caused by NFAT dysregulation. Its isoforms, generated by alternative splicing, add complexity to its functional diversity, necessitating isoform-specific studies. Recombinant variants may include tagged versions (e.g., GFP, His-tag) for tracking or purification. As NFAT pathways are implicated in immunosuppression and tumor microenvironments, recombinant NFATC1 serves as a tool to explore therapeutic strategies, including modulating immune responses or targeting oncogenic signaling. Its role in transcriptional networks also supports studies in developmental biology and regenerative medicine.