| WB | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IF | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IHC | 1/150-1/300 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| ICC | 技术咨询 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| FCM | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Elisa | 1/5000-1/10000 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Aliases | PDF; MIC1; PLAB; MIC-1; NAG-1; PTGFB; GDF-15 |
| Host/Isotype | Rabbit IgG |
| Antibody Type | Primary antibody |
| Storage | Store at 4°C short term. Aliquot and store at -20°C long term. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. |
| Species Reactivity | Human |
| Immunogen | Fusion protein of human GDF15 |
| Formulation | Purified antibody in PBS with 0.05% sodium azide and 50% glycerol. |
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以下是关于GDF15抗体的3篇代表性文献，涵盖其在不同疾病中的应用研究：
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1. **文献名称**：*GDF15 neutralization restores muscle function and physical performance in a mouse model of cancer cachexia*
**作者**：Suriben R. et al.
**摘要**：该研究开发了一种靶向GDF15的中和抗体，证明其能够逆转癌症恶病质小鼠模型的肌肉萎缩和运动功能下降。抗体通过阻断GDF15与受体GFRAL的结合，恢复代谢平衡，为癌症恶病质的治疗提供新策略。
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2. **文献名称**：*Anti-obesity effects of GDF15 require energy expenditure and are enhanced by METTL3*
**作者**：Coll A.P. et al.
**摘要**：研究发现，中和内源性GDF15的抗体会加剧饮食诱导的肥胖小鼠体重增加，而外源性GDF15类似物或抗体阻断特定信号通路可调控能量代谢。文章揭示了GDF15在肥胖中的双重作用机制及潜在治疗靶点。
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3. **文献名称**：*GDF15 promotes weight loss by enhancing recovery from nausea*
**作者**：Hsu J.Y. et al.
**摘要**：通过开发特异性抗GDF15抗体，研究证明GDF15通过激活脑干神经元引发恶心和食欲抑制。抗体干预可减轻化疗或妊娠引起的恶心反应，同时探讨了其在代谢疾病中的治疗潜力。
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4. **文献名称**：*Targeting GDF15 for skeletal muscle protection in chronic kidney disease*
**作者**：Zhang C. et al.
**摘要**：该研究利用抗GDF15抗体改善慢性肾病模型中的肌肉萎缩，表明GDF15水平升高与肌肉分解代谢相关，抗体治疗可抑制Smad2/3信号通路，为慢性病相关肌肉损耗提供干预手段。
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以上文献均聚焦于GDF15抗体在代谢、癌症及慢性病中的机制与应用，涵盖基础机制探索到临床前治疗开发。
GDF15 (Growth Differentiation Factor 15), a member of the TGF-β superfamily, is a stress-responsive cytokine implicated in diverse physiological and pathological processes. Initially identified as MAC-1 (Macrophage Inhibitory Cytokine-1) or PLAB (Placental Bone Morphogenetic Protein), it is secreted under cellular stress, inflammation, or metabolic disturbances. GDF15 binds to the GFRAL-RET receptor complex, primarily expressed in the brainstem, to regulate appetite, energy balance, and body weight. Elevated GDF15 levels are associated with conditions including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, diabetes, and pregnancy-related disorders like preeclampsia. In cancer, GDF15 promotes cachexia by suppressing hunger and altering metabolism, while in metabolic diseases, it may exert protective or detrimental effects depending on context.
GDF15-targeting antibodies have emerged as therapeutic tools. Neutralizing antibodies are explored to counteract cancer-associated cachexia or chemotherapy-induced anorexia by blocking GFRAL signaling. Conversely, agonist antibodies mimicking GDF15’s effects are investigated for obesity treatment due to their appetite-suppressing properties. Challenges include balancing systemic effects, optimizing receptor specificity, and managing potential off-target consequences. Preclinical studies show promise, with several candidates advancing to clinical trials. However, the dual role of GDF15 in disease progression and homeostasis necessitates precise therapeutic modulation. Ongoing research aims to unravel context-dependent mechanisms and refine antibody-based strategies for metabolic, oncologic, and inflammatory disorders.
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