| WB | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IF | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| IHC | 1/100-1/300 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| ICC | 技术咨询 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| FCM | 咨询技术 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Elisa | 1/20000 | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Aliases | IK; RED; RER; Protein Red; Cytokine IK; IK factor; Protein RER |
| Entrez GeneID | 3550; |
| WB Predicted band size | 66kDa |
| Host/Isotype | Rabbit IgG |
| Antibody Type | Primary antibody |
| Storage | Store at 4°C short term. Aliquot and store at -20°C long term. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. |
| Species Reactivity | Human,Mouse,Rat |
| Immunogen | Synthesized peptide derived from the C-terminal region of human IK. |
| Formulation | Purified antibody in PBS with 0.05% sodium azide,0.5%BSA and 50% glycerol. |
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以下是关于IK抗体的3篇参考文献及其摘要概括：
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1. **文献名称**: *The Ikaros gene is required for the development of all lymphoid lineages*
**作者**: Georgopoulos, K., et al.
**摘要**: 该研究首次揭示了IKAROS基因在淋巴细胞发育中的关键作用，证明其缺失会导致B细胞、T细胞等所有淋巴细胞谱系的发育缺陷，为后续研究IK蛋白在免疫系统中的作用奠定了基础。
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2. **文献名称**: *Genome-wide analysis of genetic alterations in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia*
**作者**: Mullighan, C.G., et al.
**摘要**: 通过全基因组分析，研究发现IKAROS基因(IKZF1)在儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)中频繁发生突变或缺失，其异常表达与疾病复发和不良预后显著相关，提示IK抗体在白血病诊断中的潜在应用价值。
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3. **文献名称**: *Ikaros isoforms exhibit distinct roles in T cell differentiation and function*
**作者**: Tonnelle, C., et al.
**摘要**: 该文献探讨了IKAROS不同亚型(如IK1、IK2)在T细胞分化和功能调控中的差异性作用，通过特异性IK抗体检测发现，亚型表达失衡可能导致免疫失调，为自身免疫疾病研究提供了新视角。
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4. **文献名称**: *Ikaros mediates chromatin remodeling in T cell receptor signaling*
**作者**: Winandy, S., et al.
**摘要**: 研究利用IK抗体结合染色质免疫沉淀(ChIP)技术，揭示了IKAROS蛋白通过调控染色质重塑影响T细胞受体信号通路，阐明了其在免疫应答中的表观遗传学机制。
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**说明**：以上文献均为示例性概括，实际引用时需核对具体来源(如期刊、年份及作者全名)。IK抗体相关研究多聚焦于其在免疫调控、白血病及表观遗传学中的作用。
**Background of IK Antibodies**
IK antibodies, primarily known as anti-intermediate filament antibodies, are autoantibodies targeting structural proteins within intermediate filaments, particularly cytokeratins. These antibodies gained attention in autoimmune research due to their association with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). First identified in the 1970s, IK antibodies were observed in RA patient sera, showing reactivity against the keratinized epithelium of the esophagus in indirect immunofluorescence assays.
Intermediate filaments, including cytokeratins, are critical for cellular integrity and stress response. Their degradation during inflammation may expose cryptic epitopes, triggering autoantibody production. In RA, IK antibodies (often called anti-keratin antibodies, AKA) are part of the family of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs), though they specifically recognize citrullinated cytokeratins like filaggrin.
Clinically, IK antibodies serve as diagnostic and prognostic markers. Their presence correlates with early RA, severe joint erosion, and poor outcomes. Despite high specificity (~95%), sensitivity remains moderate (~40–60%), limiting standalone diagnostic use. However, combining IK antibody testing with other biomarkers (e.g., RF, anti-CCP) enhances RA detection accuracy.
Research continues to explore their pathogenic role, particularly in epitope spreading and chronic inflammation. Understanding IK antibodies aids in unraveling RA mechanisms and refining targeted therapies.
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