| 纯度 | >90%SDS-PAGE. |
| 种属 | Human |
| 靶点 | H2AFX |
| Uniprot No | P16104 |
| 内毒素 | < 0.01EU/μg |
| 表达宿主 | E.coli |
| 表达区间 | 1-143aa |
| 氨基酸序列 | MSGRGKTGGKARAKAKSRSSRAGLQFPVGRVHRLLRKGHYAERVGAGAPVYLAAVLEYLTAEILELAGNAARDNKKTRIIPRHLQLAIRNDEELNKLLGGVTIAQGGVLPNIQAVLLPKKTSATVGPKAPSGGKKATQASQEY |
| 预测分子量 | 46.7 kDa |
| 蛋白标签 | His tag N-Terminus |
| 缓冲液 | PBS, pH7.4, containing 0.01% SKL, 1mM DTT, 5% Trehalose and Proclin300. |
| 稳定性 & 储存条件 | Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months. |
| 复溶 | Always centrifuge tubes before opening.Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles. |
以下是关于H2AFX重组蛋白的3-4篇文献摘要示例：
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1. **文献名称**: *DNA double-stranded breaks induce histone H2AX phosphorylation on serine 139*
**作者**: Rogakou, E.P. et al.
**摘要**: 该研究首次揭示了H2AFX(H2AX)在DNA双链断裂(DSB)时发生丝氨酸139位点的磷酸化(γ-H2AX)，并证明其作为DSB的标志物，在DNA损伤修复中起关键作用。
2. **文献名称**: *Genomic instability in mice lacking histone H2AX*
**作者**: Celeste, A. et al.
**摘要**: 通过构建H2AFX基因敲除小鼠模型，发现H2AX缺陷导致基因组不稳定性和辐射敏感性增加，重组蛋白实验验证了γ-H2AX在维持染色体完整性和肿瘤抑制中的功能。
3. **文献名称**: *The role of histone H2AX in cellular response to DNA damage*
**作者**: Bassing, C.H. & Alt, F.W.
**摘要**: 综述了H2AFX在DNA损伤应答中的分子机制，包括重组γ-H2AX蛋白如何招募MDC1、BRCA1等修复因子，并讨论其在癌症和衰老中的潜在应用。
4. **文献名称**: *H2AX prevents CtIP-mediated DNA end resection and aberrant repair in G1 cells*
**作者**: Lu, C. et al.
**摘要**: 利用重组H2AFX蛋白实验，证明H2AX通过抑制CtIP介导的DNA末端切除，调控细胞周期检查点，防止G1期细胞的错误修复，影响细胞凋亡与癌变。
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**注**: 以上文献信息为示例，实际文献请通过PubMed/Google Scholar检索确认。
The H2AFX gene encodes histone H2A.X, a variant of the core histone H2A involved in chromatin structure and genomic stability. This protein plays a critical role in the DNA damage response (DDR), particularly in detecting and repairing double-strand breaks (DSBs). Upon DNA damage, H2A.X undergoes rapid phosphorylation at its C-terminal serine residue (Ser139), forming γ-H2A.X, which serves as a molecular marker for DSBs. This phosphorylation event recruits repair proteins and facilitates the assembly of chromatin-modifying complexes to restore genomic integrity.
Recombinant H2AFX protein is produced in vitro using expression systems like E. coli or mammalian cell lines, often fused with tags (e.g., His-tag) for purification and detection. Its recombinant form retains post-translational modification capacity, enabling studies on DDR mechanisms, chromatin dynamics, and epigenetic regulation. Researchers use it to investigate how γ-H2A.X signaling coordinates cell cycle checkpoints, apoptosis, and repair pathways. It also serves as a tool to develop assays for drug screening (e.g., genotoxicity testing) or to study diseases linked to genomic instability, such as cancer.
H2AFX's conserved role across species underscores its biological significance, while recombinant versions offer controlled experimental models to dissect molecular interactions without confounding cellular variables. Its applications extend to biomarker studies, as γ-H2A.X foci quantification is a gold standard for assessing DNA damage in clinical and preclinical research.
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