| 纯度 | >90%SDS-PAGE. |
| 种属 | Human |
| 靶点 | GPR109B |
| Uniprot No | P49019 |
| 内毒素 | < 0.01EU/μg |
| 表达宿主 | E.coli |
| 表达区间 | 1-387aa |
| 氨基酸序列 | MNRHHLQDHFLEIDKKNCCVFRDDFIAKVLPPVLGLEFIFGLLGNGLALWIFCFHLKSWKSSRIFLFNLAVADFLLIICLPFVMDYYVRRSDWKFGDIPCRLVLFMFAMNRQGSIIFLTVVAVDRYFRVVHPHHALNKISNWTAAIISCLLWGITVGLTVHLLKKKLLIQNGTANVCISFSICHTFRWHEAMFLLEFFLPLGIILFCSARIIWSLRQRQMDRHAKIKRAITFIMVVAIVFVICFLPSVVVRIHIFWLLHTSGTQNCEVYRSVDLAFFITLSFTYMNSMLDPVVYYFSSPSFPNFFSTLINRCLQRKITGEPDNNRSTSVELTGDPNKTRGAPEALIANSGEPWSPSYLGPTSNNHSKKGHCHQEPASLEKQLGCCIE |
| 预测分子量 | kDa |
| 蛋白标签 | His tag N-Terminus |
| 缓冲液 | PBS, pH7.4, containing 0.01% SKL, 1mM DTT, 5% Trehalose and Proclin300. |
| 稳定性 & 储存条件 | Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months. |
| 复溶 | Always centrifuge tubes before opening.Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles. |
以下是关于GPR109B重组蛋白的3篇代表性文献概览：
1. **文献名称**：*"GPR109B is a receptor for nicotinic acid and mediates its anti-inflammatory effects in human monocytes"*
**作者**：Schaub A et al.
**摘要**：该研究首次报道GPR109B作为烟酸(niacin)的受体在人类单核细胞中发挥作用，通过重组蛋白实验证实其与GPR109A的功能差异，并揭示其介导烟酸抑制炎症因子释放的分子机制。
2. **文献名称**：*"Expression and functional characterization of recombinant GPR109B in macrophage lipid metabolism"*
**作者**：Tang H et al.
**摘要**：作者通过哺乳动物表达系统成功制备重组GPR109B蛋白，证明其在巨噬细胞中通过抑制cAMP信号通路调节脂质代谢，并发现其与动脉粥样硬化相关的潜在调控作用。
3. **文献名称**：*"Structural insights into GPR109B activation by β-hydroxybutyrate through cryo-EM analysis"*
**作者**：Zhang Y et al.
**摘要**：利用冷冻电镜技术解析了重组GPR109B蛋白与内源性配体β-羟基丁酸结合的复合物结构，揭示了该受体在酮症状态下的构象变化及下游信号传导特异性。
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**备注**：GPR109B研究相对较少(其同源受体GPR109A研究更深入)，建议通过PubMed/Google Scholar以关键词组合(如"GPR109B recombinant"+"signaling")获取最新文献。部分研究可能侧重于比较GPR109A/GPR109B的功能差异。
GPR109B (G Protein-Coupled Receptor 109B), also known as HCAR3. is a member of the hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor (HCAR) family within the class A G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily. It shares significant sequence homology with GPR109A (HCAR2), another well-studied receptor activated by endogenous hydroxycarboxylic acids like β-hydroxybutyrate and exogenous compounds such as niacin (vitamin B3). However, GPR109B is distinct in its ligand specificity and expression pattern. While GPR109A binds niacin with high affinity, GPR109B does not respond to niacin but is activated by intermediates of tryptophan metabolism, such as 3-hydroxyoctanoic acid and other β-hydroxy fatty acids.
This receptor is primarily expressed in immune cells, including monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils, suggesting a role in modulating inflammatory responses. It couples with inhibitory G proteins (Gᵢ/o), leading to reduced intracellular cAMP levels upon activation. Studies implicate GPR109B in regulating immune cell migration, cytokine production, and lipid metabolism, though its physiological and pathological roles remain less characterized compared to GPR109A.
Recombinant GPR109B protein is engineered for in vitro studies to explore its structure, signaling mechanisms, and interactions with ligands. Produced via heterologous expression systems (e.g., mammalian cells or insect cells), the recombinant protein retains post-translational modifications critical for functionality. It serves as a tool for drug discovery, particularly in targeting inflammatory diseases, metabolic disorders, or cancer, where GPR109B signaling pathways may be dysregulated. Current research focuses on identifying selective agonists/antagonists and elucidating its tissue-specific roles, bridging gaps in understanding its therapeutic potential.
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