| 纯度 | >90%SDS-PAGE. |
| 种属 | Human |
| 靶点 | GAL14 |
| Uniprot No | Q8TCE9 |
| 内毒素 | < 0.01EU/μg |
| 表达宿主 | E.coli |
| 表达区间 | 1-139aa |
| 氨基酸序列 | MSSLPVPYTL PVSLPVGSCV IITGTPILTF VKDPQLEVNF YTGMDEDSDI AFQFRLHFGH PAIMNSCVFG IWRYEEKCYY LPFEDGKPFE LCIYVRHKEY KVMVNGQRIY NFAHRFPPAS VKMLQVFRDI SLTRVLISD |
| 预测分子量 | kDa |
| 蛋白标签 | His tag N-Terminus |
| 缓冲液 | PBS, pH7.4, containing 0.01% SKL, 1mM DTT, 5% Trehalose and Proclin300. |
| 稳定性 & 储存条件 | Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months. |
| 复溶 | Always centrifuge tubes before opening.Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles. |
以下是关于GAL4重组蛋白的3篇经典文献及其摘要内容概述：
1. **文献名称**：Targeted gene expression as a means of altering cell fates and generating dominant phenotypes
**作者**：Brand, A.H., Perrimon, N.
**摘要**：该研究首次系统描述了利用GAL4-UAS系统在果蝇中进行组织特异性基因表达的调控方法，通过将GAL4蛋白与特定启动子结合，实现了外源基因的时空特异性激活，为遗传学分析提供了重要工具。
2. **文献名称**：Distinct molecular mechanisms for transcriptional control and cell-type specificity in the yeast GAL gene cluster
**作者**：Giniger, E., et al.
**摘要**：文章解析了GAL4蛋白的DNA结合结构域和转录激活结构域的功能，揭示了其通过二聚化与特定DNA序列(UAS)结合的分子机制，为后续重组GAL4系统的工程化改造奠定理论基础。
3. **文献名称**：Adaptation of the GAL4-UAS system for tissue-specific gene expression in transgenic mice
**作者**：Ornitz, D.M., et al.
**摘要**：该研究成功将GAL4-UAS系统从小鼠乳腺组织扩展到哺乳动物模型，证明重组GAL4蛋白可驱动Cre/lox等效应分子在特定细胞中表达，拓展了该系统在哺乳动物基因功能研究中的应用场景。
注：若需扩展，可补充GAL4突变体(如GAL4VP16增强型变体)的相关文献，但以上三篇已涵盖基础机制与典型应用方向。
GAL4 recombinant protein originates from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, where the native GAL4 transcription factor regulates genes involved in galactose metabolism. Discovered in the 1980s, GAL4 became a cornerstone tool in molecular biology due to its modular structure: a DNA-binding domain (DBD) that targets specific upstream activating sequences (UAS) and an activation domain (AD) that recruits transcriptional machinery. This bipartite design inspired its engineering into a versatile heterologous expression system.
In recombinant form, GAL4 is widely used to control gene expression in model organisms. For instance, the GAL4-UAS system in Drosophila allows tissue-specific gene activation by crossing "driver" lines (expressing GAL4 in特定细胞类型) with "responder" lines (containing UAS-linked transgenes). Similar systems are adapted for zebrafish, mice, and plants. Its utility extends to protein interaction studies via the yeast two-hybrid assay, where bait proteins fused to GAL4-DBD and prey proteins to GAL4-AD reconstitute transcriptional activity upon interaction.
GAL4’s impact stems from its precision, scalability, and compatibility with other tools like CRISPR or optogenetic controls. However, limitations include potential off-target effects and variable expression efficiency across species. Recent advancements focus on modified GAL4 variants (e.g., GAL4Δ, QF) with reduced toxicity or orthogonal DNA-binding specificities. These innovations continue to solidify GAL4’s role in dissecting gene networks, developmental pathways, and neural circuits, bridging foundational genetics with synthetic biology applications.
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