| 纯度 | >90%SDS-PAGE. |
| 种属 | Human |
| 靶点 | HMGB4 |
| Uniprot No | Q8WW32 |
| 内毒素 | < 0.01EU/μg |
| 表达宿主 | E.coli |
| 表达区间 | 1-186aa |
| 氨基酸序列 | MGKEIQLKPK ANVSSYVHFL LNYRNKFKEQ QPNTYVGFKE FSRKCSEKWR SISKHEKAKY EALAKLDKAR YQEEMMNYVG KRKKRRKRDP QEPRRPPSSF LLFCQDHYAQ LKRENPNWSV VQVAKATGKM WSTATDLEKH PYEQRVALLR AKYFEELELY RKQCNARKKY RMSARNRCRG KRVRQS |
| 预测分子量 | 22,4 kDa |
| 蛋白标签 | His tag N-Terminus |
| 缓冲液 | PBS, pH7.4, containing 0.01% SKL, 1mM DTT, 5% Trehalose and Proclin300. |
| 稳定性 & 储存条件 | Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months. |
| 复溶 | Always centrifuge tubes before opening.Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles. |
以下是关于HMGB4重组蛋白的3篇参考文献，按文献名称、作者和摘要内容概括列出：
1. **文献名称**：*"Recombinant HMGB4 Protein Regulates Spermatogenesis in Mice via Chromatin Remodeling"*
**作者**：Zhang Y, et al.
**摘要**：研究利用重组HMGB4蛋白在小鼠模型中探究其对精子发生的影响，发现HMGB4通过染色质重塑调控减数分裂相关基因表达，提示其在生殖细胞分化中的关键作用。
2. **文献名称**：*"Expression and Purification of Human HMGB4 in E. coli for Structural Studies"*
**作者**：Smith JL, et al.
**摘要**：报道了在大肠杆菌中高效表达和纯化人源HMGB4重组蛋白的方法，并通过X射线晶体学解析其DNA结合域结构，揭示了其与非典型DNA相互作用的分子机制。
3. **文献名称**：*"HMGB4 Recombinant Protein Attenuates Cellular Senescence by Modulating Telomere Stability"*
**作者**：Wang H, et al.
**摘要**：体外实验表明，外源性重组HMGB4蛋白可通过稳定端粒结构延缓细胞衰老进程，为抗衰老治疗提供了潜在分子靶点。
注：以上文献信息为示例性内容，实际文献需通过学术数据库检索确认。若需具体文献，建议在PubMed或Web of Science中检索关键词“HMGB4 recombinant”。
**Background of HMGB4 Recombinant Protein**
The High Mobility Group Box 4 (HMGB4) protein belongs to the HMGB family, a group of non-histone chromosomal proteins characterized by conserved HMG-box DNA-binding domains. These proteins play diverse roles in DNA replication, repair, recombination, and transcriptional regulation. HMGB4. however, exhibits distinct structural and functional features compared to other family members. Unlike ubiquitously expressed HMGB1 or HMGB2. HMGB4 is predominantly expressed in mammalian testes, suggesting a specialized role in spermatogenesis and male germ cell development.
Structurally, HMGB4 contains three HMG-box domains (unlike the two in HMGB1/2/3), which may influence its DNA-binding specificity and chromatin remodeling activity. Studies indicate its involvement in meiotic processes, chromatin condensation, and the regulation of testis-specific genes. Its expression peaks during post-meiotic stages of spermatogenesis, aligning with its potential function in sperm maturation.
Recombinant HMGB4 protein is produced using heterologous expression systems (e.g., *E. coli* or mammalian cells*) to enable functional studies. Purification typically involves affinity chromatography and tag-based methods. This recombinant tool has been critical in elucidating HMGB4's biochemical properties, DNA interaction mechanisms, and its role in fertility. Research also explores its dysregulation in male infertility and germ cell tumors, highlighting its clinical relevance.
Despite progress, HMGB4's full regulatory network and post-translational modifications remain understudied. Recombinant HMGB4 continues to serve as a vital reagent for uncovering its biological significance in reproductive biology and potential applications in diagnostics or therapeutics.
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